The Arat measure of democracy

Democracy score from Z. F. Arat. Democracy and Human Rights in Developing Countries. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991. arat_pmm is taken from D. Pemstein, S. A. Meserve, and J. Melton. Replication Data for: Democratic Compromise: A Latent Variable Analysis of Ten Measures of Regime Type. 2013. DOI: 10.7910/DVN/WWYOHU. arat is taken directly from a scan of Arat's book.

Usage

arat_pmm

arat

Format

An object of class tbl_df (inherits from tbl, data.frame) with 3873 rows and 7 columns.

Source

Z. F. Arat. Democracy and Human Rights in Developing Countries. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1991.

D. Pemstein, S. A. Meserve, and J. Melton. Replication Data for: Democratic Compromise: A Latent Variable Analysis of Ten Measures of Regime Type. 2013. DOI: 10.7910/DVN/WWYOHU.

Details

The original Arat dataset (in arat) is different from arat_pmm for two country-years, likely due to an error in transcription in the PMM replication dataset:

arat_pmm |>
   dplyr::full_join(arat) |>
   filter(pmm_arat != arat_dem) |>
   select(extended_country_name, year, pmm_arat, arat_dem)
#> Joining with `by = join_by(year, extended_country_name, GWn, cown,
#> in_GW_system)`
#> # A tibble: 2 x 4
#>   extended_country_name  year pmm_arat arat_dem
#>   <chr>                 <dbl>    <int>    <dbl>
#> 1 Cyprus                 1963       93       83
#> 2 Israel                 1980       93       83

Variables

pmm_country: The country name, as in the PMM dataset. Use extended_country_name instead if you want a consistent name.
arat_country: The country name, as in the Arat dataset, slightly edited. Use extended_country_name instead if you want a consistent name.
year: The calendar year.
pmm_arat: Democracy index. Ranges from a minumum of 29 to a maximum of 109. In arat_pmm only.
arat_dem: Democracy index. Ranges from a minumum of 29 to a maximum of 109. In arat only.

Standard descriptive variables (generated by this package)

extended_country_name: The name of the country in the Gleditsch-Ward system of states, or the official name of the entity (for non-sovereign entities and states not in the Gleditsch and Ward system of states) or else a common name for disputed cases that do not have an official name (e.g., Western Sahara, Hyderabad). The Gleditsch and Ward scheme sometimes indicates the common name of the country and (in parentheses) the name of an earlier incarnation of the state: thus, they have Germany (Prussia), Russia (Soviet Union), Madagascar (Malagasy), etc. For details, see Gleditsch, Kristian S. & Michael D. Ward. 1999. "Interstate System Membership: A Revised List of the Independent States since 1816." International Interactions 25: 393-413. The list can be found at http://privatewww.essex.ac.uk/~ksg/statelist.html.
GWn: Gleditsch and Ward's numeric country code, from the Gleditsch and Ward list of independent states.
cown: The Correlates of War numeric country code, 2016 version. This differs from Gleditsch and Ward's numeric country code in a few cases. See http://www.correlatesofwar.org/data-sets/state-system-membership for the full list.
in_GW_system: Whether the state is "in system" (that is, is independent and sovereign), according to Gleditsch and Ward, for this particular date. Matches at the end of the year; so, for example South Vietnam 1975 is FALSE because, according to Gleditsch and Ward, the country ended on April 1975 (being absorbed by North Vietnam). It is also TRUE for dates beyond 2012 for countries that did not end by then, depsite the fact that the Gleditsch and Ward list has not been updated since.